Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Pain

Fun Facts

Did you know that the TMJ is the most used joint in the body? It is used to talk, swallow, and chew. On average people swallow 600 times a day. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is the third most common chronic pain condition. About 50-75% of the population suffers from at least one symptom in their lifetime. 

What is the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)?

• Connects the temporal bone to the mandibular bone with a fibrocartilaginous disk, ligaments and joint capsule 

• The disk provides lubrication for the joint 

• Capsule acts to provide stability 

  • Loose anterior and posterior

  • Firm medial and lateral 

Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMD)

• Includes conditions affecting the TMJ, masticatory muscles and neurovascular and musculoskeletal structures 

• Most common in females age 20-40 years old

Common Symptoms

• Jaw pain and tenderness

• Clicking or popping 

• Headaches

• Earaches 

• Difficulty opening and/or closing the jaw 

• Tinnitus- ringing in the ear

Causes

• Bruxism- grinding or clenching the teeth 

• Jaw injuries or recent trauma

• Recent dental procedure 

• Stress or sudden stressful event

Physical Therapy Treatment

Physical therapy can help with treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. A physical therapist will discuss with the patient their history of when it started, how it started, aggravating factors, easing factors, symptoms the patient has, and patient goals. The examination will include the physical therapist examining the patient’s mouth range of motion such as opening and closing their mouth, posture, palpation, cervical spine, and other testing. Physical therapy treatment may include manual therapy, range of motion exercises, therapeutic exercises, postural training, modalities and patient education. 

-Leanne Komoda, PT, DPT